Synchronization in Selenium: Implicit and Explicit Waits
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Synchronization in Selenium: Implicit and Explicit Waits
One of the most important concepts in Selenium automation is synchronization. Web elements may take time to load due to dynamic content, network delays, or JavaScript execution. Without proper synchronization, Selenium scripts can fail by trying to interact with elements that haven’t loaded yet.
To handle this, Selenium provides two types of waits: Implicit Wait and Explicit Wait.
✅ Implicit Wait
Definition: Implicit wait tells Selenium WebDriver to wait for a certain amount of time before throwing a “NoSuchElementException” if the element is not immediately found.
How it works: It applies globally to all elements in the script.
Example:
java
driver.manage().timeouts().implicitlyWait(10, TimeUnit.SECONDS);
This command makes WebDriver wait for 10 seconds before giving up on finding any element.
✅ Explicit Wait
Definition: Explicit wait is more flexible. It waits for a specific condition to occur before proceeding further.
How it works: You define the condition (e.g., visibility, clickable, presence) for a particular element.
Example:
java
WebDriverWait wait = new WebDriverWait(driver, Duration.ofSeconds(15));
wait.until(ExpectedConditions.visibilityOfElementLocated(By.id("submitButton")));
This command waits for up to 15 seconds for the “submitButton” to become visible.
When to Use What?
Use implicit wait as a default waiting time across the script.
Use explicit wait for conditions involving dynamic elements, pop-ups, or AJAX.
Combining both allows you to write stable and robust Selenium automation scripts that work even with dynamic web content.
Conclusion
Learning how to implement waits effectively is just one part of becoming a professional Selenium automation tester. At I Hub Talent, we teach you real-time strategies, Java integration, frameworks, and synchronization techniques that are essential for automation testing roles.
READ MORE:
How to Handle Dropdowns and Multiple Selections
Switching Between Frames and Windows in Selenium
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